muscle mnemonics origin, insertion action

The sternocleidomastoid divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles. However, the scapula is integral to the movement of the shoulder via the rotator cuffand additional muscles. The genioglossus (genio = chin) originates on the mandible and allows the tongue to move downward and forward. Finally, the scalenes include the anterior scalene, middle scalene, and posterior scalene. The abductor digiti minimi arises from the pisiform, pisohamate ligament, and flexor retinaculum. This is the reason the muscle is well developed in boxers who protract their scapula in the terminal phases of their punches in order to maximize reach. Reading time: 3 minutes. The muscle acts primarily as a supinator of the forearm, as well as a flexor of the elbow. The shoulder moves at the glenohumeral joint. In that manner of speaking, this article will explain all the anatomical aspects of the muscles of the scapula, arm, forearm and hand. Join the nursing revolution. The strap-like infrahyoid muscles generally depress the hyoid bone and control the position of the larynx. Kenhub. Opponens pollicis acts to oppose the thumb with the other digits (rotation of the thumb to pulp of the other fingers and not just flex across the palm). This muscle allows you to whistle, blow, and suck; and it contributes to the action of chewing. In this article we will discuss the gross (structure) and functional anatomy (movement) of the muscles of the upper limb. Agonist Muscle Contraction & Examples | What Are Agonist Muscles? It arises from the trapezium and transverse carpal ligament. insertion: spinus process of scapula Definition. Youll be able to clearly visualize muscle locations and understand how they relate to surrounding structures. Bsc Functional Anatomy and Biomechanics. The humeral head arises from the medial supracondylar ridge of the humerus and the coronoid process of the ulna. The action, or particular movement of a muscle, can be described relative to the joint or the body part moved. It is caused by proximal interphalangeal joint flexion, and distal interphalangeal joint extension. The opponens digiti minimi arises from the hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum. Muscle memory - Wikipedia It acts to extend the wrist, fixes writs during clenching fist, and when it acts with flexor carpi ulnaris it contributes to ulnar deviation of the wrist. The omohyoid muscle, which has superior and inferior bellies, depresses the hyoid bone in conjunction with the sternohyoid and thyrohyoid muscles. Pronator quadratus muscle:In the deepest layer of the forearm is the pronator quadratus, which is found connecting the radius (insertion) and ulna (origin) at their distal points like a strap. Important in the stabilization of the vertebral column is the segmental muscle group, which includes the interspinales and intertransversarii muscles. The semispinalis muscles include the semispinalis capitis, the semispinalis cervicis, and the semispinalis thoracis. The scalene muscles include the anterior scalene muscle (anterior to the middle scalene), the middle scalene muscle (the longest, intermediate between the anterior and posterior scalenes), and the posterior scalene muscle (the smallest, posterior to the middle scalene). As the muscles pass anteriorly to the MP joints and insert they cause flexion of the MP joint and extension of the IP joints. Extrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from outside origins, and the intrinsic tongue muscles insert into the tongue from origins within it. Muscle Origin & Insertion | Complete Anatomy - 3D4Medical The muscles acts to flex the proximal IP joints as it primary function. Resulting in the inability to straighten the digit. It inserts into the 5th proximal phalanx (pinky finger). Some People Bang Like Monkeys. Chapter 1. O: opponens pollicis. Finally, the scalene muscles work together to flex, laterally flex, and rotate the head. Muscle Origin, Insertion, and Action - 1 Quiz - PurposeGames.com The three muscles of the longissimus group are the longissimus capitis, associated with the head region; the longissimus cervicis, associated with the cervical region; and the longissimus thoracis, associated with the thoracic region. Injection Gone Wrong: Can You Spot The Mistakes? It arises from the nuchal ligament and spinous processes of C7 to T1. The medial head is supplied by the ulnar nerve, and the lateral head by the anterior interosseous branch. Learn Muscles for Massage Our online MBLEx Course is designed to help massage students learn and memorize all the muscles of the body (origins, insertions and actions). Let's take a look at an example. Muscular contraction produces an action, or a movement of the appendage. Tap the Skeletal System Icon, and press the Plus button until you come to the Origin and Insertion layer (the fourth layers of the system). Iliacus muscle. It runs down the posterior compartment of the forearm and inserts into the middle and distal phalanges of the 2nd to 5th digits. Upper limb muscles and movements: want to learn more about it? Test your knowledge on the muscles of the arm right away using our handy round-up of quizzes, diagrams and free worksheets. This website provides entertainment value only, not medical advice or nursing protocols. When they contract bilaterally, the head flexes or extends. Interossei:These are grouped into four dorsal and threepalmar interossei and are part of the midpalmar group. The muscles are named after their functions, with the flexor muscle lateral most, the abductor medial most, and the opponens muscle lying deep. The long head arises from the infraglenoid tubercle and consists of mainly type 2b fibers. It is innervated by the median nerve a branch of the lateral and medial cord of the brachial plexus. Some axial muscles cross over to the appendicular skeleton. When the whole muscle acts as a unit it acts as a medial rotator and adductor the arm at the shoulder. They both arise from the medial epicondyle, with the radialis inserting onto the base of the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals, and the ulnaris into the pisiform, hook of hamate and base of the 5th metacarpal. Thenar eminence:It consists of three muscle: flexor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, and the opponens pollicis. Muscle Mnemonics. The erector spinae has three subgroups. Tongue muscles can be extrinsic or intrinsic. (Superior part: Anterior surface of superior angle. Muscle origins and insertions dictate the type of movement that occurs when a muscle contracts. Bony Landmarks Types & Identification | What are Femur Landmarks? Mnemonics to remember bones The upper limb(upper extremity) is truly a complex part of human anatomy. The tendon is kept close to the bones by a series of flexor tendon sheaths, which lubricate the tendon and prevent bowstringing (excessive loss of proximal pulley). Pectoralis minor muscle:This muscle lies deep to the pectoralis major and arises from 3rd-5th costals sternal ends and its associated fascia (connective tissue surrounding a muscle group). The muscle arises mainly from the flexor retinaculum and tubercle of the trapezium and inserts onto the proximal phalanx or metacarpal of the thumb. Mnemonic for Pectoral Muscles Origin Insertion Function Mnemonics for Facial Muscleshttps://youtu.be/ulMHYpvoRbsMnemonics for Tongue Muscle. The muscles of the anterior neck assist in deglutition (swallowing) and speech by controlling the positions of the larynx (voice box), and the hyoid bone, a horseshoe-shaped bone that functions as a foundation on which the tongue can move. If the place is a bone that remains immobile for an action, the attachment is called an origin. Trapezius muscle:This is a superficial, large, fan like muscle found on the back. MUSCLE NAME ORIGIN INSERTION ACTION NOTES MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR AND LATERAL ABDOMINAL WALL Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Internal surfaces of costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 . The good news? Due to its course it has a "serrated" or "saw-toothed" appearance. Copyright 2023 RegisteredNurseRN.com. It commonly occurs following a fall onto an outstretched hand (FOSH). Oftentimes, synergist muscles are needed to get a particular action started. Serratus anterior muscle:This muscle is so named due to its anterior digitations that have a serrated or finger-like appearance. The scapula has no direct bony attachments to the thorax, so it is held in place and stabilized through muscular attachment. The hand is truly the epitome of anatomical complexity. Subscapularis muscle:This is another muscle of the rotator cuff, which is deep and arises from the large anterior subscapular fossa. Latissimus dorsi muscle :This is a large, fan shaped superficial muscle which has a large area of origin. Triceps brachii muscle:This is the only muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm. In this anatomy muscle song, you can learn rhymes and mnemonics to help you remember the muscle name, location, and one of its functions/actions. 190 lessons The orbicularis oris is a circular muscle that moves the lips, and the orbicularis oculi is a circular muscle that closes the eye. The spinalis group includes the spinalis capitis, the spinalis cervicis, and the spinalis thoracis. Posterior dislocation can occur in epileptics or electric shocks. 1 / 24. Agonists, or prime movers, are responsible for the bulk of the action. Lumbricals:These are worm like muscles that originate from the tendons of the flexor digitorum profundus. Its supinating effect are maximal when the elbow is flexed. Palmaris longus muscle: This muscle can be absent in some of the population. However, it prevents the humeral head from slipping downwards. This is a fracture of the distal third of the radial shaft with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. These include the digastric muscle, which has anterior and posterior bellies that work to elevate the hyoid bone and larynx when one swallows; it also depresses the mandible. It acts as an adductor (to add to the body), assists in extension and medial rotation, as well as stabilization of the scapula. succeed. There are several small facial muscles, one of which is the corrugator supercilii, which is the prime mover of the eyebrows. PAD DAB ('Use your hand to dab with a pad'). The erector spinae group forms the majority of the muscle mass of the back and it is the primary extensor of the vertebral column. The back muscles stabilize and move the vertebral column, and are grouped according to the lengths and direction of the fascicles. Shahab Shahid MBBS Read more. 52 Learners. the iliopsoas or inner hip muscles: Psoas major. It is available for free. My insertion is the angles of the ribs and transverse processes of C4-C6. The movement of the eyeball is under the control of the extra ocular (extrinsic) eye muscles, which originate from the bones of the orbitand insert onto the outer surface of the white of the eye. Diaphragm *Note the distinction between internal and innermost intercostal. An easy way to distinguish between the actions of the interossei is to use the following mnemonic. Skeletal Muscles (Comments, Origin, Insertion, Action, Nerve) It also has a role in stabilizing the humerus and part of the rotator cuff of four muscles. The flexor digiti minimi brevis originates from the hamate boneand inserts onto the ulnar aspect of the base of the 5th proximal phalanx. SITS; TISS; Mnemonic. #shorts #anatomy. It also assists in medial (anterior fibers) and lateral rotation (posterior fibers). Here's a mnemonic to help you remember the innervation of the lumbricals more easily! S: supraspinatus I: infraspinatus T: teres minor S: subscapularis With 'SITS', recalling this order also helps remember the insertions of these muscles, with the order being superior, middle, and inferior facets of the greater tubercle of the humerus for supraspinatus, infraspinatus and teres minor respectively and . It has both sternocostal and clavicular heads. Insertion: Head of fibula, lateral condyle of tibia You'll find this conveniently illustrated on the cheat sheets. The sternocostal head arises from the sternum and the superior 6-7 costal cartilages. The multifidus muscle of the lumbar region helps extend and laterally flex the vertebral column. Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics: 46 Muscles of the Lower Quadrant [Print Replica] Kindle Edition by Byron Moffett (Author) Format: Kindle Edition 24 ratings See all formats and editions Kindle $9.99 Read with Our Free App Get your muscle charts below. The shoulder is most unstable in extension and external rotation. Weve created muscle anatomy charts for every muscle containing region of the body: Each chart groups the muscles of that region into its component groups, making your revision a million times easier. A: abductor pollicis brevis. All Rights Reserved. All rights reserved. Supraspinatus muscle:This rotator cuff muscle is deep and originates from the supraspinous fossa which is located on the posterior superior portion of the scapula. Stretching the muscle causes the triceps muscle to contract and, thus, slow flexion. The short head arises from the coracoid process and both heads unite. These muscles are located inside the eye socket and cannot be seen on any part of the visible eyeball (Figure 11.4.3 and Table 11.3). Validated and aligned with popular anatomy textbooks, these muscle cheat sheets are packed with high-quality illustrations. The genioglossus depresses the tongue and moves it anteriorly; the styloglossus lifts the tongue and retracts it; the palatoglossus elevates the back of the tongue; and the hyoglossus depresses and flattens it. Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance, Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Matern, Katie Morrison-Graham, Devon Quick & Jon Runyeon, Next: 11.5 Axial muscles of the abdominal wall and thorax, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, Moves eyes up and toward nose; rotates eyes from 1 oclock to 3 oclock, Common tendinous ring (ring attaches to optic foramen), Moves eyes down and toward nose; rotates eyes from 6 oclock to 3 oclock, Moves eyes up and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 12 oclock to 9 oclock, Surface of eyeball between inferior rectus and lateral rectus, Moves eyes down and away from nose; rotates eyeball from 6 oclock to 9 oclock, Suface of eyeball between superior rectus and lateral rectus, Maxilla arch; zygomatic arch (for masseter), Closes mouth; pulls lower jaw in under upper jaw, Superior (elevates); posterior (retracts), Opens mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Inferior (depresses); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Closes mouth; pushes lower jaw out under upper jaw; moves lower jaw side-to-side, Superior (elevates); posterior (protracts); lateral (abducts); medial (adducts), Draws tongue to one side; depresses midline of tongue or protrudes tongue, Elevates root of tongue; closes oral cavity from pharynx. Muscles of the Posterior Neck and the Back. It functions as a stabilizer of the scapula, acts as a protractor when reaching forward or pushing, and aids in rotation of scapula. It is innervated by the posterior scapular nerve. The scaphoid bone forms the floor of the anatomical snuffbox and articulates with the radius at the wrist. Levator Ani Muscle - Physiopedia The muscle origin often describes the more proximal attachment point of the muscle, while the muscle insertion point refers to the distal attachment. It acts to flex the elbow. This muscle divides the neck into anterior and posterior triangles when viewed from the side (Figure 11.4.8). psoas major - origin : lumbar vertebrae Triceps Muscle Brachii Origin & Insertion | Where is the Tricep? Flashcard Maker: sean bennet. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. We will study these muscles in depth. Finally, a reliable source (and good looking too!). Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. In our cheat sheets, youll find the origin(s) and insertion(s) of every muscle. Action: Extends thigh, flexes leg, Wider than semmitendonosis Do you struggle with straight memorization? The Colles fracture is a fracture of the distal radius (within two centimetres of the wrist joint) with associated dorsal translocation of the distal fragment. Working together enhances a particular movement. The occipitofrontalis muscle elevates the scalp and eyebrows. It inserts onto the coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna. Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus Action: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates arm (spirals underarm to front . Muscle memory is a form of procedural memory that involves consolidating a specific motor task into memory through repetition, which has been used synonymously with motor learning. Biceps femoris, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus. Muscle: Extensor pollicis brevis. It is often grouped as one of the muscles of the arm due to its insertion, but its actions involve the shoulder portion only, this why it has been included in the shoulder section here. It causes extension of the IP joints, the MP joints, and wrist. Naming Skeletal Muscles | How are Muscles Named? Depresses mandible when hyoid is fixed; elevates hyoid when mandible is fixed; Posterior belly; facial nerve Anterior belly mylohyoid nerve, Elevates and retracts hyoid; elongates floor of mouth, Elevates floor of mouth in initial stage of swallowing, Depresses mandible when hyoid; elevates and protracts hyoid when mandible is fixed, Depresses hyoid after it has been elevated, Depresses the hyoid during swallowing and speaking, Depresses hyoid; Elevates larynx when hyoid is fixed, Depresses larynx after it has been elevated in swallowing and vocalization, Temporal bone (mastoid process); occipital bone, Unilaterally tilts head up and to the opposite side; Bilaterally draws head forward and down, Occiput between the superior and inferior nuchal line, Extends and rotates the head to the opposite side, Posterior rami of middle cervical and thoracic nerves, Unilaterally and ipsilaterally flexes and rotates the head; Bilaterally extends head, Posterior margin of mastoid process and temporal bone, Extends and hyperextends head; flexes and rotates the head ipsilaterally, Dorsal rami of cervical and thoracic nerves (C6 to T4), Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head forward, Individually: rotates head to opposite side; bilaterally: flexion, Individually: laterally flexes and rotates head to same side; bilaterally: extension, Transverse and articular processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra, Rotates and tilts head to the side; tilts head backward, Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebra. It is a powerful superficial muscle of the shoulder. It pronates the radius and is innervated by the anterior interosseous branch of the median nerve. It acts as an abductor of the shoulder, and inserts onto the superior facet of the greater tubercle of the humerus. Semispinalis capitis: Origin: transverse processes of C7-T12. It acts as an adductor, medial rotator, and flexor of the arm at the shoulder joint. Its action is elevation of the scapula as well as superior rotation of the scapula. , My action is to bilaterally extend the head and neck and unilaterally laterally flex . As the supraspinatus passes under the subacromial arch it is vulnerable to rupture from a bony spur. The middle fibers retract (adduct). It is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. The damaged nerve causes a weakened serratus anterior, leading to the scapula not being pulled down and in during circumduction. The muscle forms the posterior axillary fold and rotates in order to insert onto the floor of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus. Forearm muscle origins on humerus: Supinator, Medial Tricep, Lateral Tricep, Pronator, Brachialis. There are relatively few muscles which its movements and function are easy to learn. The stylohyoid muscle moves the hyoid bone posteriorly, elevating the larynx, and the mylohyoid muscle lifts it and helps press the tongue to the top of the mouth. The muscles of the neck stabilize and move the head. All three heads unite and insert onto the olecranon process and fascia of the ulna. Reviewer: It is important to note that the scapula does articulate with the acromial end of the clavicle forming the acromioclavicular joint (AC joint), as well as the humeral head with the scapular glenoid cavity (fossa) which forms the glenohumeral joint. 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The origin is the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction, while the insertion is the attachment site that does move when the muscle contracts. It inserts onto the deltoid tuberosity, which is a roughened elevated patch found on the lateral surface of the humerus. By looking at all of the upper limbs components separately we can appreciate and compartmentalize the information, then later view the upper limb as a whole and understand how all of its parts work in unison. Raise your eyebrows as if you were surprised and lower your eyebrows as if you were frowning. Most anatomy courses will require that you at least know the name and location of the major muscles, though some anatomy courses will also require you to know the function (or action), the insertion and origin, and so on. It passes anteriorly and around the thoracic cage as if wrapping. This necrosis lead to a flattened thenar eminence (thumb mound palmar surface). It consists mainly of type 1 muscle fibers and hence provides sustained elbow extension. Gross Anatomy (HS369) Lab 4 - Musculature Muscle: Pronator teres It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. It is also capable of weakly supinating and pronating the forearm. The nerve supply arises from the suprascapular nerve (upper and lower), which arises from the unification of the anterior rami of spinal nerves C5 and C6(C = cervical). , My origin is the iliac crest, posterior sacrum, inferior lumbar, and sacral spinous processes. The origin is the attachment site that doesn't move during contraction, while the insertion is the attachment site that does move when the muscle contracts. Muscles are either axial muscles or appendicular. The third group, the spinalis group, comprises the spinalis capitis (head region), the spinalis cervicis (cervical region), and the spinalis thoracis (thoracic region). The muscles discussed below are essential to everyday life and advanced movements such as writing. Author: Muscles of Face ----- skull----- skin of face----- facial expression Orbicularis oculi frontal and maxilla & tissue of eyelid closes eye ligaments around orbit Adjacent muscles which serve similar functions are often innervated by the same nerve. Muscles: Origin, Insertion, and Action Flashcards | Quizlet Many muscles are attached to bones at either end via tendons. Why are the muscles of the face different from typical skeletal muscle? Coracobrachialis muscle :The beauty of this muscle is that its name explains its origin, insertion, and action. The transversospinales muscles run from the transverse processes to the spinous processes of the vertebrae. The medial head arises from the posterior surface of the humerus below the radial groove. Action: external rotator of the thigh The masseter muscle is the prime movermuscle for chewing because it elevates the mandible (lower jaw) to close the mouth, and it is assisted by the temporalis muscle, which retracts the mandible. This injury is commonly called baseball finger. One common style of the Monteggia fracture is in children where the radial head is dislocated through a forceful pulling on the arm. It is innervated by the posterior interosseous branch. In most cases, one end of the muscle is fixed in its position, while the other end moves during contraction. Origin: Ischial tuberosity The actions and innervation are the same as the rhomboid major. Extensor digiti minimi muscle:This muscle arises from the anterior surface of the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. 0% 0:00.0 It also spreads the digits aparts during extension of the MP joints. action: protraction of scapula, muscle that allows you to shrug your shoulders or extend your head Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle:This muscle is located in the intermediate layer and has two heads. This complete MBLEx prep course covers all sections of the FSMTB Massage & Bodywork Licensing Exam, and includes full MBLEx practice tests and quizzes. Muscle anatomy reference charts: Free PDF download | Kenhub The distal phalanx therefore lies in permanent flexion, and has the appearance of a mallet. It arises from the flexor retinaculum, scaphoid tubercle, and trapezium. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. This muscle also modulates the movement of the deltoid like the other rotator cuff muscles. A. Muscles of the Head and Neck. Our opposable thumb is essential to our advancement as a species. Use the following mnemonic to remember the origins of the biceps brachii muscle. Agonists and antagonists are always functional opposites. All our four muscle chart ebooks are also available with the Latin terminology. The two bellies are connected by a broad tendon called the epicranial aponeurosis, or galea aponeurosis (galea = apple). However, the anatomist knows that the arm or the brachium is purely the region between the shoulder joint and elbow. The muscles of the head and neck are all axial. Inferior dislocations are the least common and make the upper limb appears as if you are holding your upper limb upwards. There are two main ones, so lets break em in half. Muscle contraction results in different types of movement. laterally rotates the femur with hip extension, flexes humerus, antagonist of supraspinatus Memorize Muscles, Origins, and Insertions with Cartoons and Mnemonics In our cheat sheets, you'll find the origin (s) and insertion (s) of every muscle. Muscle Name or Group Origin Insertion Action. The muscle acts to supinate the forearm and forms the lateral border of the cubital fossa. The longus is innervated by the radial nerve and the brevis by the posterior interosseous branch. Read more. For example, the biceps brachii performs flexion of the forearm as the forearm is moved. The posterior muscles of the neck are primarily concerned with head movements, like extension.